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The new study, published today聽in Nature Ecology and Evolution -聽by Rhiannon Stevens and Hazel Reade聽from the 香港六合彩中特网 Institute of Archaeology, together with colleagues from the Natural History Museum and the Francis Crick Institute - reveals for the first time that the recolonisation of Britain at the end of the last Ice Age consisted of at least two groups with distinct origins and cultures.

There are very few human remains of this age in Britain. DNA evidence from an individual from Gough鈥檚 Cave in Somerset (who died about 15,000 years ago), and an individual from Kendrick鈥檚 Cave in North Wales (from about 13,500 years ago), shows that they were from two distinct populations, which moved into Britain at the end of the last Ice Age.

These two populations were also culturally distinct in what they ate, and how they buried their dead, and suggest a dynamic and changing population in Britain at this time.

According to Rhiannon:

鈥�The two individuals from Britain differ not only in their genetic ancestry profiles but also in their mortuary practices and their diets聽and ecologies. Caution is, however, needed as we only have data from two Palaeolithic individuals from Britain and the archaeological evidence from across Europe suggest that the relationship between genetic signatures and archaeological cultures is likely to be more complex.鈥�

The study,聽which involved radiocarbon dating and analysis as well as DNA extraction and sequencing,聽shows that it is possible to obtain useful genetic information from some of the oldest human skeletal material in Britain,聽and in the case of Kendrick鈥檚 Cave, from material that was excavated in the late 19th century.

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Citation:聽Charlton, S., Brace, S., Hajdinjak, M.聽et al.聽Dual ancestries and ecologies of the Late Glacial Palaeolithic in Britain.聽Nat Ecol Evol听(2022).

Image credit:聽Trustees of the Natural History Museum